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  1. #1618
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    Quote Originally Posted by mihaidascalescu View Post
    Meanwhile in lumea reala a UE

    din der spiegel

    Such are images of hope: Nurses getting vaccinated. Pallets of packaged vaccines distributed on special flights. Mayors exulting over "the beginning of the end of the pandemic.” A president who is preparing the country for better times.

    ANZEIGE

    These images are from the United States.

    In Germany, on the other hand, you see desolate shopping streets, shuttered restaurants and a government that is preparing its po****tion for long, dark days.

    The contrast is unmistakable. On the one hand, there is the supposedly incompetent Trump administration, which will provide vaccines to 20 million Americans in the next two to three weeks alone. By the end of March, the plan is for around 100 million Americans to have received the two vaccine injections they need.

    On the other hand, there is the supposedly well-prepared Europeans, who continue to have to wait for a vaccine that was developed in Germany. And who still don’t know exactly how much of the vaccine they will be getting in the coming months.

    Initially, Germany’s health minister has announced, there will probably only be 400,000 vaccine doses for Germany, with another 11 to 13 million to follow by March -- a fraction of the amount the Americans are getting.


    DER SPIEGEL 52/2020

    Foto: SVC.OrisWFL
    The article you are reading originally appeared in German in issue 52/2020 (December 19, 2020) of DER SPIEGEL.

    SPIEGEL International
    It’s a politically dangerous situation that has now been recognized by the German government. Since last week, it has been taking hectic countermeasures. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) now wants to approve the vaccine a week earlier than planned, and vaccinations are slated to begin in Europe on Dec. 27. Negotiations are also underway with manufacturers to obtain more doses. On Thursday, German Chancellor Angela Merkel even spoke with BioNTech founders zlem Treci and Uğur Șahin in a livestream, part of which was broadcast publicly. The message couldn’t be any clearer: Vaccination is now the chancellor’s business.

    ANZEIGE
    Eine Sprache lernen in 3 Wochen? Wir haben unsere App selbst ausprobiert!
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    That realization has come too late, however. For months, it has been clear that other countries would have more doses of the vaccine, would start vaccinating sooner and, as a result, would be able to take more effective action against the pandemic.

    But in Berlin and at European Union headquarters in Brussels, too little action was taken for too long, and it was often justified with complacent arguments: In Europe, medicines are tested better and more precisely than elsewhere in the world, and vaccines are available in abundance thanks to good planning. Health Minister Jens Spahn announced that the critical mass of around 60 percent of the German po****tion could be vaccinated.

    Too Little, Too Late
    But, so far at least, his optimism hasn’t been matched by reality.

    And the late approval of the active ingredient in the BioNTech and Pfizer vaccine by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) appears to be the least of the problems. The bigger issue is that if the situation remains as it is now, there will not be enough vaccine available to get the pandemic under control in Germany before next autumn. The EU appears to have bought too little, too late and at times from the wrong producers. And it appears that it turned down hundreds of millions of vaccine doses that are now lacking.

    Dramatic consequences are brewing for the German government: Without being able to vaccinate on a broad scale, the country won’t be able to stop the virus. Which means that the fall and winter of 2021 could be similar to this year, with high infection rates, contact restrictions and lockdowns. The only remedy would be a massive increase in the number of vaccines that are approved for use.

    But Berlin has made an uncompromising commitment to European solidarity on the vaccination issue. And that means it’s not only the influential and economically strong member states that will have access, but also smaller countries like Romania and Slovenia. If Germany were to go out on its own and buy up vaccine doses that are in short supply, it would massively threaten cohesion in a Europe that is already fragile.

    At the same time, though, the German federal government has an obligation to do all it can to protect its people.


    Scientists estimate that 60 to 70 percent of Germany’s po****tion would need to be vaccinated in order to stop the virus. That would require 100 to 120 million doses because, with one exception, all the vaccines currently available have to be administered in two doses before they deliver immunity.

    The EU has ordered a total of 1.3 billion doses from six different manufacturers. Germany is entitled to 18.6 percent of those doses in a distribution mechanism calculated according to its share of the EU po****tion. That amounts to around 250 million doses. But the number is misleading.

    Currently, the only deliveries that are certain are those from German-American consortium BioNTech/Pfizer and the American biotech company Moderna.

    BioNTech, whose vaccine is to be approved by the EU on Dec. 21, will be able to supply around 45 million doses to Germany in the first half of the year, according to current estimates. Moderna, whose vaccine is due to be authorized for use in Europe on Jan. 6, could supply around 15 million doses. Together, that’s a total of 60 million doses, which is far too little.

    But When?
    Additional supplies are to come from four other producers with whom the EU has contracts. But it remains highly uncertain when they will be able to deliver. No matter what happens, no significant quantities are expected before the summer.

    The Anglo-Swedish pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca had to interrupt its vaccine trial and delivered disappointing testing data. French company Sanofi has postponed possible approval for its vaccine candidate to the end of 2021. Meanwhile, the vaccine from CureVac, based in Tbingen, Germany, isn’t expected until this summer. The only company that is close to delivering another vaccine candidate is Johnson & Johnson in the U.S., and it isn’t expected until March.

    "What are you going to do with the 70% when you’ve got two (vaccines) that are 95%? Who are you going to give a vaccine like that to?”
    Anthony Fauci
    Of course, not all of these developments could have been foreseen. The U.S., for example, believed that Sanofi would be quicker in delivering its vaccine. Still, the procurement of vaccines in Europe has been a bumpy road from the start.

    Germany initiated a small vaccine alliance in the spring together with France, Italy and the Netherlands. In a first step, they reached an agreement with AstraZeneca for 400 million doses. The move was primarily intended as a means of exerting pressure because there wasn’t enough happening in Brussels. "Many countries around the world have already secured vaccines, but Europe hasn’t yet,” Health Minister Spahn warned at the time.

    In mid-June, the European Commission subsequently presented an EU vaccine strategy to "ensure fair and equitable access for all across the EU.” Sufficient supplies for the member states were to be ensured by providing purchasing guarantees to manufacturers.

    Health care is actually one of the competencies that is reserved for the member states in the EU. But the vaccine supply was meant to serve as a symbol of solidarity in contrast to the U.S., where Donald Trump was propagating his "America First” stance and fueling merciless global competition for the coveted vaccines.

    Between August and October, the EU concluded the first of its contracts: with the pharmaceutical giants Sanofi, Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca. Even at the time, though, it was conspicuous that the companies with the most promising vaccine candidates were not given firm contracts. BioNTech and Moderna had already obtained promising results from their studies in July and were entering the home stretch.

    No Comment
    Behind the scenes, this was the source of anger and irritation within government circles in Berlin. The irritation grew significantly in November, when the companies published data that their vaccine candidates are each up to 95 percent effective.

    The manufacturers have repeatedly made it clear that they intend to distribute the vaccine according to two criteria: po****tion size and when the contract was signed.

    Way back in July, the U.S. secured 600 million doses of the BioNTech vaccine and 500 million doses from Moderna. Japan, Canada, Hong Kong and others signed contracts in the summer and autumn. The EU only reserved doses. It didn’t place concrete orders until mid-November. And even then, it ordered far less than it could have.

    A future vaccination center in Husum, the Netherlands: a fraction of what the Americans are getting
    A future vaccination center in Husum, the Netherlands: a fraction of what the Americans are getting Foto: Shutterstock
    The EU only secured 200 million doses from BioNTech, with an option for 100 million more that would be manufactured later. According to sources with knowledge of the negotiations, BioNTech had additional capacity and apparently offered that capacity to the EU: up to 500 million doses in the first round.

    But the European Commission reportedly rejected the offer. European Health Commissioner Stella Kyriakides would not comment on the exact reason. "We do not comment on the progress of negotiations," a commission spokesman said.

    Why were only 300 million doses of a vaccine secured that had already demonstrated 95 percent efficacy in clinical trials at the time? One that had been hailed as a sensation and was already on its way to regulatory approval? German Health Minister Spahn pushed for more to be purchased, but he failed to prevail in the end due to opposition from several EU member countries -- in part, apparently, because the EU had ordered only 300 million doses from the French company Sanofi. "That’s why buying more from a German company wasn't in the cards,” says one insider familiar with the negotiations. The European Commission has denied that version of events, saying it isn’t true that Paris took massive steps to protect Sanofi.

    Related Articles
    World Health Organization Epidemiologist: “Only with the Vaccination of Younger People Will the Number of Cases Decrease” Interview by Johann Grolle und Veronika Hackenbroch
    “Only with the Vaccination of Younger People Will the Number of Cases Decrease”
    Geopolitics of COVID: The Unprecedented Challenge of Coronavirus Vaccine Distribution
    The Unprecedented Challenge of Coronavirus Vaccine Distribution
    Vaccine-Maker BioNTech: A Small German Biotech Company Hopes to Make the Leap to Global Player By Tim Bartz, Markus Brauck, Martin U. Mller und Thomas Schulz
    A Small German Biotech Company Hopes to Make the Leap to Global Player
    Instant Salvation?: The Challenges We Face Once a Coronavirus Vaccine Is Found By Martin U. Mller, Cornelia Schmergal und Thomas Schulz
    The Challenges We Face Once a Coronavirus Vaccine Is Found
    However, similar reports have emerged from the negotiations with the U.S. producer Moderna. Studies also showed its product to have efficacy of 95 percent. But the EU only ordered 80 million doses. It has an option for another 80 million, but they wouldn’t be manufactured until a later date. "We could have provided more,” says Stphane Bancel, CEO of Moderna, saying it could have been up to 300 million doses. But he said the EU didn’t want more.

    And now, that decision is looking even worse.

    Storm of Outrage
    Last week, Sanofi in France was forced to announce that it had suffered a significant setback in the development of its vaccine. The company says it is no longer feasible for its vaccine to gain approval before the fourth quarter of 2021. The second phase of the clinical trial demonstrated surprisingly poor efficacy data in the elderly.

    Bad luck, to be sure, but it’s precisely the reason why it makes sense to first buy in large quantities from the companies that have already successfully completed their clinical trials and not just hope that everyone else will ultimately deliver, too.

    "That’s why, right now, whether Germany fares well or not hinges on the AstraZeneca vaccine,” says Karl Lauterbach, the health policy point man for the center-left Social Democratic Party and also an influential voice in Germany on the political response to the pandemic. "If Spahn says that 60 percent of the po****tion could be vaccinated by the end of summer, what that really means is that he’s hoping that the AstraZeneca vaccine will be approved.”

    Right now, development of the British-Swedish vaccine isn't going particularly well either. Experts weren’t happy even with the design of the company’s study. AstraZeneca simply combined data from two studies into a single analysis.

    One subgroup of around 2,700 subjects revealed an efficacy of around 90 percent, similar to that of the vaccines from BioNTech and Moderna. But among the rest of the test subjects, efficacy was just 62 percent. The fact that AstraZeneca combined these disparate results into an average efficacy of 70 percent triggered a storm of outrage. Particularly because the company didn’t provide a meaningful explanation for the discrepancy. Further studies are to follow.

    In September, reports on possible side effects also alarmed the public. All trials had to be stopped because one subject developed weakness in her arms and legs, symptoms of transverse myelitis. When it was discovered that another subject had previously developed similar symptoms, alarm bells went off.

    The trials resumed after it was determined that there had been no connection between the illnesses and the vaccine. But the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has already announced that the AstraZeneca vaccine is unlikely to be approved in the U.S. before summer, if at all. In light of all the problems, it seems highly unlikely at this stage that the European authorities would rush it through and approve it by spring.

    But even if the vaccine ends up being approved, it will probably only have an efficacy of 60 to 70 percent. "What are you going to do with the 70 percent when you’ve got two (vaccines) that are 95 percent? Who are you going to give a vaccine like that to?” Anthony Fauci, the leading American expert on vaccines, recently wondered.

    The other candidates still in development could wind up with similar results. No one can say right now whether they will be able to achieve efficacy at a similar level as the BioNTech and Moderna vaccines.


    So, what now?

    The EU intends to exercise its option on the further 80 million doses from Moderna and 100 million from BioNTech. It is unclear when they can be delivered, although it is most likely they will come in the second half of the year. And those supplies still won’t be enough to cover what is needed Europe-wide.

    More than Enough
    The European Commission, for its part, doesn’t see this as a problem and is instead praising its own management. "The EU vaccine portfolio is proof of what we can achieve when we work together as a strong European Health Union,” says Health Commissioner Stella Kyriakides.

    She says the Commission has selected the most promising and advanced vaccine candidates, which are also based on different technologies. "To ensure that we have as a diverse a portfolio as possible,” Kyriakides says. "In total, we have bought more than enough doses for everyone in Europe,” European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen told the European Parliament on Wednesday, without any hint of self-criticism.

    Sources in Brussels say that it wouldn’t have been possible to achieve much more in terms of vaccine procurement under the circumstances. The smaller companies, particularly, would have difficulty conducting simultaneous negotiations with various governments around the world. Brussels sources also say that negotiations with BioNTech partner Pfizer, in particular, were difficult.

    In Berlin, the self-satisfaction in Brussels is being viewed increasingly critically. "Germany could also buy additional vaccine bilaterally, directly from the companies, and I think we should do that,” says SPD health policy coordinator Lauterbach.

    The German government itself also appears to have recognized that it is too risky to leave procurement of vaccines to the EU alone. If, in fact, there are too few doses available in the coming months to effectively contain the pandemic, politicians will have difficulty explaining why they didn’t take this matter of life and death into their own hands.

    “Germany could also buy additional vaccine bilaterally, directly from the companies, and I think we should do that.”
    Karl Lauterbach
    Behind the scenes, work is already underway to order additional doses from BioNTech and Moderna. The additional deliveries would likely first come in the second half of the year, but it would ensure supplies if none of the other vaccines are convincing.

    Months ago, the federal government worked to organize a national effort for procurement from all the vaccine manufactures in addition to the EU program. In September, BioNTech, CureVac and the Dessau-based company IDT Biologika all received a total of 750 million euros in funding from a special Research Ministry budget. In return, it was agreed that millions of doses would be secured exclusively for use in Germany. In the case of BioNTech, that figure is around 30 million.

    Running Out of Time
    But there is one hitch: Deliveries to the EU have priority. And a contract is also needed for that special contingent, but it hasn’t yet been signed, according to company sources. So far, there have only been declarations of intent. The contracts can only be concluded once the doses earmarked for the EU have been delivered.

    Regardless whether the EU or the German government is negotiating: Time is running out. BioNTech's and Moderna’s capacities are largely booked up until well into the summer. BioNTech is working a full speed to complete a new factory in Marburg, Germany, as early as this spring, considerably faster than originally planned. This was also the subject of the non-public part of Chancellor Merkel’s discussion with the BioNTech founders. This would allow additional doses to be produced, primarily for the EU and Germany. Until then, though, new orders will be placed at the end of the list.

    Other countries are also pushing for more vaccine doses from BioNTech and Pfizer, most notably the U.S. As early as the beginning of December, the U.S. government sought to secure 100 million additional doses for the first half of the year..

    Pfizer initially declined, saying its capacities are exhausted until summer. But now they are negotiating, after all. "The company could provide many of those doses in the third quarter of 2021, but the U.S. government is pushing for it in the second quarter,” Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla recently stated. Pfizer has very clearly told the U.S. government under which conditions this would be possible: If the U.S. government instructs the external American suppliers by decree to preferentially supply Pfizer with the raw materials needed for the vaccine – and not others.

    This shows what is in store for the coming months: an ugly global race for enough vaccine that will by no means be fair. Those who lose will, at least initially, be denied a path out of the pandemic
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  2. #1619
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    Quote Originally Posted by mihaidascalescu View Post
    Meanwhile in lumea reala a UE

    din der spiegel

    Such are images of hope: Nurses getting vaccinated. Pallets of packaged vaccines distributed on special flights. Mayors exulting over "the beginning of the end of the pandemic.” A president who is preparing the country for better times.

    ANZEIGE

    These images are from the United States.

    In Germany, on the other hand, you see desolate shopping streets, shuttered restaurants and a government that is preparing its po****tion for long, dark days.

    The contrast is unmistakable. On the one hand, there is the supposedly incompetent Trump administration, which will provide vaccines to 20 million Americans in the next two to three weeks alone. By the end of March, the plan is for around 100 million Americans to have received the two vaccine injections they need.

    On the other hand, there is the supposedly well-prepared Europeans, who continue to have to wait for a vaccine that was developed in Germany. And who still don’t know exactly how much of the vaccine they will be getting in the coming months.

    Initially, Germany’s health minister has announced, there will probably only be 400,000 vaccine doses for Germany, with another 11 to 13 million to follow by March -- a fraction of the amount the Americans are getting.


    DER SPIEGEL 52/2020

    Foto: SVC.OrisWFL
    The article you are reading originally appeared in German in issue 52/2020 (December 19, 2020) of DER SPIEGEL.

    SPIEGEL International
    It’s a politically dangerous situation that has now been recognized by the German government. Since last week, it has been taking hectic countermeasures. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) now wants to approve the vaccine a week earlier than planned, and vaccinations are slated to begin in Europe on Dec. 27. Negotiations are also underway with manufacturers to obtain more doses. On Thursday, German Chancellor Angela Merkel even spoke with BioNTech founders zlem Treci and Uğur Șahin in a livestream, part of which was broadcast publicly. The message couldn’t be any clearer: Vaccination is now the chancellor’s business.

    ANZEIGE
    Eine Sprache lernen in 3 Wochen? Wir haben unsere App selbst ausprobiert!
    Eine Sprache lernen in 3 Wochen? Wir haben unsere App selbst ausprobiert!
    Babbel
    empfohlen von
    That realization has come too late, however. For months, it has been clear that other countries would have more doses of the vaccine, would start vaccinating sooner and, as a result, would be able to take more effective action against the pandemic.

    But in Berlin and at European Union headquarters in Brussels, too little action was taken for too long, and it was often justified with complacent arguments: In Europe, medicines are tested better and more precisely than elsewhere in the world, and vaccines are available in abundance thanks to good planning. Health Minister Jens Spahn announced that the critical mass of around 60 percent of the German po****tion could be vaccinated.

    Too Little, Too Late
    But, so far at least, his optimism hasn’t been matched by reality.

    And the late approval of the active ingredient in the BioNTech and Pfizer vaccine by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) appears to be the least of the problems. The bigger issue is that if the situation remains as it is now, there will not be enough vaccine available to get the pandemic under control in Germany before next autumn. The EU appears to have bought too little, too late and at times from the wrong producers. And it appears that it turned down hundreds of millions of vaccine doses that are now lacking.

    Dramatic consequences are brewing for the German government: Without being able to vaccinate on a broad scale, the country won’t be able to stop the virus. Which means that the fall and winter of 2021 could be similar to this year, with high infection rates, contact restrictions and lockdowns. The only remedy would be a massive increase in the number of vaccines that are approved for use.

    But Berlin has made an uncompromising commitment to European solidarity on the vaccination issue. And that means it’s not only the influential and economically strong member states that will have access, but also smaller countries like Romania and Slovenia. If Germany were to go out on its own and buy up vaccine doses that are in short supply, it would massively threaten cohesion in a Europe that is already fragile.

    At the same time, though, the German federal government has an obligation to do all it can to protect its people.


    Scientists estimate that 60 to 70 percent of Germany’s po****tion would need to be vaccinated in order to stop the virus. That would require 100 to 120 million doses because, with one exception, all the vaccines currently available have to be administered in two doses before they deliver immunity.

    The EU has ordered a total of 1.3 billion doses from six different manufacturers. Germany is entitled to 18.6 percent of those doses in a distribution mechanism calculated according to its share of the EU po****tion. That amounts to around 250 million doses. But the number is misleading.

    Currently, the only deliveries that are certain are those from German-American consortium BioNTech/Pfizer and the American biotech company Moderna.

    BioNTech, whose vaccine is to be approved by the EU on Dec. 21, will be able to supply around 45 million doses to Germany in the first half of the year, according to current estimates. Moderna, whose vaccine is due to be authorized for use in Europe on Jan. 6, could supply around 15 million doses. Together, that’s a total of 60 million doses, which is far too little.

    But When?
    Additional supplies are to come from four other producers with whom the EU has contracts. But it remains highly uncertain when they will be able to deliver. No matter what happens, no significant quantities are expected before the summer.

    The Anglo-Swedish pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca had to interrupt its vaccine trial and delivered disappointing testing data. French company Sanofi has postponed possible approval for its vaccine candidate to the end of 2021. Meanwhile, the vaccine from CureVac, based in Tbingen, Germany, isn’t expected until this summer. The only company that is close to delivering another vaccine candidate is Johnson & Johnson in the U.S., and it isn’t expected until March.

    "What are you going to do with the 70% when you’ve got two (vaccines) that are 95%? Who are you going to give a vaccine like that to?”
    Anthony Fauci
    Of course, not all of these developments could have been foreseen. The U.S., for example, believed that Sanofi would be quicker in delivering its vaccine. Still, the procurement of vaccines in Europe has been a bumpy road from the start.

    Germany initiated a small vaccine alliance in the spring together with France, Italy and the Netherlands. In a first step, they reached an agreement with AstraZeneca for 400 million doses. The move was primarily intended as a means of exerting pressure because there wasn’t enough happening in Brussels. "Many countries around the world have already secured vaccines, but Europe hasn’t yet,” Health Minister Spahn warned at the time.

    In mid-June, the European Commission subsequently presented an EU vaccine strategy to "ensure fair and equitable access for all across the EU.” Sufficient supplies for the member states were to be ensured by providing purchasing guarantees to manufacturers.

    Health care is actually one of the competencies that is reserved for the member states in the EU. But the vaccine supply was meant to serve as a symbol of solidarity in contrast to the U.S., where Donald Trump was propagating his "America First” stance and fueling merciless global competition for the coveted vaccines.

    Between August and October, the EU concluded the first of its contracts: with the pharmaceutical giants Sanofi, Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca. Even at the time, though, it was conspicuous that the companies with the most promising vaccine candidates were not given firm contracts. BioNTech and Moderna had already obtained promising results from their studies in July and were entering the home stretch.

    No Comment
    Behind the scenes, this was the source of anger and irritation within government circles in Berlin. The irritation grew significantly in November, when the companies published data that their vaccine candidates are each up to 95 percent effective.

    The manufacturers have repeatedly made it clear that they intend to distribute the vaccine according to two criteria: po****tion size and when the contract was signed.

    Way back in July, the U.S. secured 600 million doses of the BioNTech vaccine and 500 million doses from Moderna. Japan, Canada, Hong Kong and others signed contracts in the summer and autumn. The EU only reserved doses. It didn’t place concrete orders until mid-November. And even then, it ordered far less than it could have.

    A future vaccination center in Husum, the Netherlands: a fraction of what the Americans are getting
    A future vaccination center in Husum, the Netherlands: a fraction of what the Americans are getting Foto: Shutterstock
    The EU only secured 200 million doses from BioNTech, with an option for 100 million more that would be manufactured later. According to sources with knowledge of the negotiations, BioNTech had additional capacity and apparently offered that capacity to the EU: up to 500 million doses in the first round.

    But the European Commission reportedly rejected the offer. European Health Commissioner Stella Kyriakides would not comment on the exact reason. "We do not comment on the progress of negotiations," a commission spokesman said.

    Why were only 300 million doses of a vaccine secured that had already demonstrated 95 percent efficacy in clinical trials at the time? One that had been hailed as a sensation and was already on its way to regulatory approval? German Health Minister Spahn pushed for more to be purchased, but he failed to prevail in the end due to opposition from several EU member countries -- in part, apparently, because the EU had ordered only 300 million doses from the French company Sanofi. "That’s why buying more from a German company wasn't in the cards,” says one insider familiar with the negotiations. The European Commission has denied that version of events, saying it isn’t true that Paris took massive steps to protect Sanofi.

    Related Articles
    World Health Organization Epidemiologist: “Only with the Vaccination of Younger People Will the Number of Cases Decrease” Interview by Johann Grolle und Veronika Hackenbroch
    “Only with the Vaccination of Younger People Will the Number of Cases Decrease”
    Geopolitics of COVID: The Unprecedented Challenge of Coronavirus Vaccine Distribution
    The Unprecedented Challenge of Coronavirus Vaccine Distribution
    Vaccine-Maker BioNTech: A Small German Biotech Company Hopes to Make the Leap to Global Player By Tim Bartz, Markus Brauck, Martin U. Mller und Thomas Schulz
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    Instant Salvation?: The Challenges We Face Once a Coronavirus Vaccine Is Found By Martin U. Mller, Cornelia Schmergal und Thomas Schulz
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    However, similar reports have emerged from the negotiations with the U.S. producer Moderna. Studies also showed its product to have efficacy of 95 percent. But the EU only ordered 80 million doses. It has an option for another 80 million, but they wouldn’t be manufactured until a later date. "We could have provided more,” says Stphane Bancel, CEO of Moderna, saying it could have been up to 300 million doses. But he said the EU didn’t want more.

    And now, that decision is looking even worse.

    Storm of Outrage
    Last week, Sanofi in France was forced to announce that it had suffered a significant setback in the development of its vaccine. The company says it is no longer feasible for its vaccine to gain approval before the fourth quarter of 2021. The second phase of the clinical trial demonstrated surprisingly poor efficacy data in the elderly.

    Bad luck, to be sure, but it’s precisely the reason why it makes sense to first buy in large quantities from the companies that have already successfully completed their clinical trials and not just hope that everyone else will ultimately deliver, too.

    "That’s why, right now, whether Germany fares well or not hinges on the AstraZeneca vaccine,” says Karl Lauterbach, the health policy point man for the center-left Social Democratic Party and also an influential voice in Germany on the political response to the pandemic. "If Spahn says that 60 percent of the po****tion could be vaccinated by the end of summer, what that really means is that he’s hoping that the AstraZeneca vaccine will be approved.”

    Right now, development of the British-Swedish vaccine isn't going particularly well either. Experts weren’t happy even with the design of the company’s study. AstraZeneca simply combined data from two studies into a single analysis.

    One subgroup of around 2,700 subjects revealed an efficacy of around 90 percent, similar to that of the vaccines from BioNTech and Moderna. But among the rest of the test subjects, efficacy was just 62 percent. The fact that AstraZeneca combined these disparate results into an average efficacy of 70 percent triggered a storm of outrage. Particularly because the company didn’t provide a meaningful explanation for the discrepancy. Further studies are to follow.

    In September, reports on possible side effects also alarmed the public. All trials had to be stopped because one subject developed weakness in her arms and legs, symptoms of transverse myelitis. When it was discovered that another subject had previously developed similar symptoms, alarm bells went off.

    The trials resumed after it was determined that there had been no connection between the illnesses and the vaccine. But the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has already announced that the AstraZeneca vaccine is unlikely to be approved in the U.S. before summer, if at all. In light of all the problems, it seems highly unlikely at this stage that the European authorities would rush it through and approve it by spring.

    But even if the vaccine ends up being approved, it will probably only have an efficacy of 60 to 70 percent. "What are you going to do with the 70 percent when you’ve got two (vaccines) that are 95 percent? Who are you going to give a vaccine like that to?” Anthony Fauci, the leading American expert on vaccines, recently wondered.

    The other candidates still in development could wind up with similar results. No one can say right now whether they will be able to achieve efficacy at a similar level as the BioNTech and Moderna vaccines.


    So, what now?

    The EU intends to exercise its option on the further 80 million doses from Moderna and 100 million from BioNTech. It is unclear when they can be delivered, although it is most likely they will come in the second half of the year. And those supplies still won’t be enough to cover what is needed Europe-wide.

    More than Enough
    The European Commission, for its part, doesn’t see this as a problem and is instead praising its own management. "The EU vaccine portfolio is proof of what we can achieve when we work together as a strong European Health Union,” says Health Commissioner Stella Kyriakides.

    She says the Commission has selected the most promising and advanced vaccine candidates, which are also based on different technologies. "To ensure that we have as a diverse a portfolio as possible,” Kyriakides says. "In total, we have bought more than enough doses for everyone in Europe,” European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen told the European Parliament on Wednesday, without any hint of self-criticism.

    Sources in Brussels say that it wouldn’t have been possible to achieve much more in terms of vaccine procurement under the circumstances. The smaller companies, particularly, would have difficulty conducting simultaneous negotiations with various governments around the world. Brussels sources also say that negotiations with BioNTech partner Pfizer, in particular, were difficult.

    In Berlin, the self-satisfaction in Brussels is being viewed increasingly critically. "Germany could also buy additional vaccine bilaterally, directly from the companies, and I think we should do that,” says SPD health policy coordinator Lauterbach.

    The German government itself also appears to have recognized that it is too risky to leave procurement of vaccines to the EU alone. If, in fact, there are too few doses available in the coming months to effectively contain the pandemic, politicians will have difficulty explaining why they didn’t take this matter of life and death into their own hands.

    “Germany could also buy additional vaccine bilaterally, directly from the companies, and I think we should do that.”
    Karl Lauterbach
    Behind the scenes, work is already underway to order additional doses from BioNTech and Moderna. The additional deliveries would likely first come in the second half of the year, but it would ensure supplies if none of the other vaccines are convincing.

    Months ago, the federal government worked to organize a national effort for procurement from all the vaccine manufactures in addition to the EU program. In September, BioNTech, CureVac and the Dessau-based company IDT Biologika all received a total of 750 million euros in funding from a special Research Ministry budget. In return, it was agreed that millions of doses would be secured exclusively for use in Germany. In the case of BioNTech, that figure is around 30 million.

    Running Out of Time
    But there is one hitch: Deliveries to the EU have priority. And a contract is also needed for that special contingent, but it hasn’t yet been signed, according to company sources. So far, there have only been declarations of intent. The contracts can only be concluded once the doses earmarked for the EU have been delivered.

    Regardless whether the EU or the German government is negotiating: Time is running out. BioNTech's and Moderna’s capacities are largely booked up until well into the summer. BioNTech is working a full speed to complete a new factory in Marburg, Germany, as early as this spring, considerably faster than originally planned. This was also the subject of the non-public part of Chancellor Merkel’s discussion with the BioNTech founders. This would allow additional doses to be produced, primarily for the EU and Germany. Until then, though, new orders will be placed at the end of the list.

    Other countries are also pushing for more vaccine doses from BioNTech and Pfizer, most notably the U.S. As early as the beginning of December, the U.S. government sought to secure 100 million additional doses for the first half of the year..

    Pfizer initially declined, saying its capacities are exhausted until summer. But now they are negotiating, after all. "The company could provide many of those doses in the third quarter of 2021, but the U.S. government is pushing for it in the second quarter,” Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla recently stated. Pfizer has very clearly told the U.S. government under which conditions this would be possible: If the U.S. government instructs the external American suppliers by decree to preferentially supply Pfizer with the raw materials needed for the vaccine – and not others.

    This shows what is in store for the coming months: an ugly global race for enough vaccine that will by no means be fair. Those who lose will, at least initially, be denied a path out of the pandemic
    Asa este, bine punctat.
    "If the doors of perception were cleansed everything would appear to man as it is: infinite." William Blake

  3. #1620
    Abomination Johnny D's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by Capitanu.Burcea View Post
    O analiza pertinenta.


    Quote Originally Posted by Capitanu.Burcea View Post
    Nu?



    Bietu Dascalesc, mi-a mila de el, oameni fara suflet ce sunteti!
    The difference between a good and an awesome diplomat is the ability to reconcile the arrogant assholes with the scardy whiners, it's almost an art really!
    I know because I'M BOTH!

  4. #1621
    DevilOfTheRhine Sevilla86's Avatar
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    Pauliciul baga de-astea la ordinea zilei. Cand faceam misto de el ziceai ca suntem noi rai, acum razi.
    Pai ce, doar capitanu' sa fie ipocrit? Front comun, rapidisti si dinamovisti, toti cu PSD in ADN
    Last edited by Sevilla86; 25th December 2020 at 01:26.
    Academia Rapid infiintata de catre generalul de securitate Vasile Malureanu supranumit tatucul politiei politice ceausiste

  5. #1622
    Abomination Johnny D's Avatar
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    Eh, acolo la el pe thread unde nu facea rau nimanui. Raule!

    In plus, el o facea ca sa se exprime, cu sinceritate.
    Dascalescu o face sa fie shmecher, de fapt el nu cred ca face altceva.
    The difference between a good and an awesome diplomat is the ability to reconcile the arrogant assholes with the scardy whiners, it's almost an art really!
    I know because I'M BOTH!

  6. #1623
    visurat Novac's Avatar
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    ... altceva decat sa fie inca un ''jmecher'' ce fuge cu porcu'n spate prin Ilford/ Lodon https://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napo...e65/index.html


    cu porcu altuia, bineinteles


    parca hamal este denumirea din <<nomenclator>>a meseriei pe care(cred ca) o practica el in UK; meserie incadrata de altfel ca si esentiala
    Last edited by Novac; 26th December 2020 at 08:34.

    Jessica Ellen Cornish brilliant performance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaBAFRMwSgE

  7. #1624
    visurat Novac's Avatar
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    iaca baaa, ronglezule, si astia's tot esentiali:

    https://www.theguardian.com/lifeands...heroes-of-2020


    mi-e realmente greata sa caut prin postarile tale uleioase dar te-ai ***** de vreo doua oripe topicul asta ca ejti foarte esential economiei UK

    Jessica Ellen Cornish brilliant performance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaBAFRMwSgE

  8. #1625
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    dupa ce ca sunteti rupti in cur si cu botu pe labe pusi de UE, stati drecu acolo cu buzele la supt pooli de boschetari europeni. cine stie? poate curge ceva si pe la nataraii aia din sud estu ioropei.

  9. #1626
    DevilOfTheRhine Sevilla86's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by mihaidascalescu View Post
    dupa ce ca sunteti rupti in cur si cu botu pe labe pusi de UE, stati drecu acolo cu buzele la supt pooli de boschetari europeni. cine stie? poate curge ceva si pe la nataraii aia din sud estu ioropei.
    Deci daca nu eram in UE aveam mai multe doze de vaccin, sau ce tot macani acolo?
    Anglia a incercat de trei ori sa intre in UE, dar i-a blocat Franta. Acum vor ramane in urma economic vorbind. Brexit-ul vine cu niste costuri dureroase.
    Academia Rapid infiintata de catre generalul de securitate Vasile Malureanu supranumit tatucul politiei politice ceausiste

  10. #1627
    visurat Novac's Avatar
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    au jefuit lumea timp de 500 de ani ... in insula aia daca te apuci sa sapi o groapa in gradina din spatele casei dai macar de-o argintarie veche si coclita daca nu de laditza (mult visata de unii ca Ionel) cu monede sclipitoare de haur


    toata lumea iese bine din incurcatura asta; economic vorbind

    singura nasoleala este ca se creeaza un precedent periculos pentru viitorul UE si o sa creasca presiunea secesionistilor din intreorul tarilor/ vezi Catalunya (sau Transilvanya, / cip?).

    Jessica Ellen Cornish brilliant performance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaBAFRMwSgE

  11. #1628
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    Pariul secesionistilor sta tocmai in evolutia economica UK. Daca se scot bine atunci le da apa la moara tuturor. Daca nu atunci se termina cu elanul asta retrograd. Speranta "Borisilor" era Trump. Dar acum ca a iesit pe scara de serviciu de la Casa Alba viitorul suna nasol pt ei. In plus scotienii incep iar sa gesticuleze "republican"

    Apoi despre covid e chiar bine ca raman separati acolo. Varianta asta mutata sa si-o pastreze pt ei. Doar nu ne apucam sa testam iar po.pu.latia si sa ridicam procentul ala ... cu bolnavi
    Sportul darama barierele rasismului !!!
    Cel care cade dar se ridica este mai puternic decat cel care nu a cazut niciodata.

  12. #1629
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    Quote Originally Posted by sevilla86 View Post
    . Acum vor ramane in urma economic vorbind..
    sa mori tu?

  13. #1630
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    Quote Originally Posted by delaparis View Post
    Pariul secesionistilor sta tocmai in evolutia economica UK. Daca se scot bine atunci le da apa la moara tuturor.
    De ce vorbesti ca sa nu adormi? ia de aici

    uk a iesit din ue din jan 20. de atunci investitiile in uk sunt mai mari decit ger plus fra la un loc. poate sa-ti conceapa mintea ce inseamna asta? iti zic eu: sunteti phututi into the cur.

  14. #1631
    Abomination Johnny D's Avatar
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    Daca v-ati dascalit bine pe final de an, va urez un Nou An fericit!
    The difference between a good and an awesome diplomat is the ability to reconcile the arrogant assholes with the scardy whiners, it's almost an art really!
    I know because I'M BOTH!

  15. #1632
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    Si de la mine pt absolut tati forumocii:

    an nou feliz.

  16. #1633
    DevilOfTheRhine Sevilla86's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by mihaidascalescu View Post
    De ce vorbesti ca sa nu adormi? ia de aici

    uk a iesit din ue din jan 20. de atunci investitiile in uk sunt mai mari decit ger plus fra la un loc. poate sa-ti conceapa mintea ce inseamna asta? iti zic eu: sunteti phututi into the cur.
    Sursa? Te referi la FDI sau la ce? Sper ca nu la asta te referi... Olanda la o popullatie de 17 mil are o valoare FDI mai mare decat UK, Germania sau Franta. Urmaresc stiri financiare zilnic si foarte rar vorbeste cineva despre asa ceva. Parametrii importanti sunt GDP, Consumer Confidence Index, Unemployment, etc.

    Mai bine vorbim despre GDP.

    Code:
    GDP growth          2018         2019         2020
    
    Germany             1.3%         0.6%         −6.0%
    France              1.8%         1.5%         −9.8%
    UK                  1.3%         1.4%         −11.3%
    https://www.gov.uk/government/speech...ew-2020-speech

    Pun si sursa ca sa nu avem discutii.

    Economia UK a avut cel mai mult de suferit in 2020. Franta crestea mai mult si in anii precedenti pandemiei.
    Academia Rapid infiintata de catre generalul de securitate Vasile Malureanu supranumit tatucul politiei politice ceausiste

  17. #1634
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    2020 e un an aiurea pt statistica. Fiecare stat si-a impus masuri radicale pe palaria sa. Nu trebuie luat in calcul.
    Sportul darama barierele rasismului !!!
    Cel care cade dar se ridica este mai puternic decat cel care nu a cazut niciodata.

  18. #1635
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    Quote Originally Posted by Sevilla86 View Post
    Sursa? Te referi la FDI sau la ce? Sper ca nu la asta te referi... Olanda la o popullatie de 17 mil are o valoare FDI mai mare decat UK, Germania sau Franta. Urmaresc stiri financiare zilnic si foarte rar vorbeste cineva despre asa ceva. i.
    ma da tare mai esti tu. se vede ca urmaresti o phula. financiarule.

    ia de aici ca de aia te doare in phula, de surse. cu prostia imensa etalata aici in toata vederea nu e de mirare ca ati distrus tat in tara aia.

    https://www.theguardian.com/business...-unicorns-2020

  19. #1636
    visurat Novac's Avatar
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    ce paula mea are basinica asta de octopus cu, sa zicem, UiPath, numai scolarescu stie






    despre distributia vaccinului si relaxarea datorata imunizarii masive ce va sa vina din vara incolo:

    <<It includes technologically advanced transportation specialists, commercial fleet telematics providers, third-party logistics firms, manufacturers, warehouse operators, as well as their rank-and-file freight handlers, drivers, and administrative personnel.

    A government/private sector war-time-like mobilization has marshaled vehicles, custom cooling equipment, visibility software like GPS devices, temperature recorders (we're not talking about mercury-laden thermometers) and dry ice, tons of it
    .>>

    https://www.forbes.com/sites/richbla...h=13ab453939bc

    Si asta doar este povestea frumoasa a transportului intre A si B - Aeroport si Depozitele locale (Spitale si facilitati de antrepozit cu capacitati mari de stocare) dupa care urmeaza distributia in miile de centre de sanatate si cabinete ale fiecarui stat. America este mare/ Canada este foarte mare/ UK-ul are poou/atia imprastiata in sute de mii de catune si satucuri prin insulitza aceea; raman la opinia exprimata anul trecut ca vom putea vorbi de vaccinare in proportii ce conteaza abia din vara incolo

    .. starting August


    asadar anulati concediul din vara 2021 pt ca o sa fie (tot) o mizerie din cauza restrictiilor& stati SAFE!
    Last edited by Novac; 4th January 2021 at 07:45.

    Jessica Ellen Cornish brilliant performance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaBAFRMwSgE

  20. #1637
    DevilOfTheRhine Sevilla86's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by mihaidascalescu View Post
    Neinteresant. 15 mld la nivel macroeconomic este o picatura intr-un ocean.

    "It's fantastic to see the UK's tech companies flourishing, despite all the challenges of 2020."

    "Despite the challenges of 2020, the UK tech sector has had one of its strongest years yet"

    The challenges of 2020 nu au afectat sectorul tech, din contra. Tot ce inseamna tech a dus-o bine pe pandemie, nu are nici un sens articolul asta.
    Sectorul tech de pe toata planeta a avut un an fenomenal. E greu de gasit o companie tech care sa nu fi crescut in 2020.
    Caroline Dinenage o fi vreo Viorica Dancila de UK.

    Exista 5 companii pe planeta care valoreaza mai mult de 1 trilion de dolari fiecare si asta vine si se lauda cu 15 miliarde intr-un an intreg.
    Academia Rapid infiintata de catre generalul de securitate Vasile Malureanu supranumit tatucul politiei politice ceausiste

  21. #1638
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    Quote Originally Posted by Sevilla86 View Post
    Neinteresant. 15 mld la nivel macroeconomic este o picatura
    ruptul in cur decreteaza: neinteresant

    bine ca o parte bunicica din miliardele alea ajunge in contul banacar personal.

    daca e asa cum zice FINANCIARUL rupt in cur si sectorul tech o duce bine atunci prin prisma, Investments in 2020 in UK are higher than in rest of Europe combined, sectorul uk se pisa, se caca, i se rupe de sectorul european.

    romanacul si-ar ghilotina mama in piata centrala doar pt o suta de lire. 15 mld pt ei e ca si cum ai intreba o furnica: vrei aer conditionat la apart minune la mansarda?

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